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Objective To isolate the secondary metabolites of endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. J218 from Anectochilus roxburhii. Methods Different chromatographic methods, including Sephadex LH-20 and silica gel chromatography as well as HPLC, were used to isolate compounds from the EtOAc fraction of the solid fermentation of J218, and their structures were identified by spectral methods. Results Ten compounds were isolated from the fermentation of J218 and their structures were individually identified as kotanin（1）, flavasperone（2）, aurasperone B（3）, fonsecinone B（4）, fonsecinone D（5）, ensidol A（6）, fonsecinone A（7）, fonsecinone C（8）, aurasperone A（9）, and fonsecinone F（10）. Conclusion Most compounds isolated from endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. J218 in Anectochilus roxburhii were identified as dimeric naphthopyrones. These results suggest that this strain contains rich dimerization synthase, which could provide clues for the further exploration of the rational biosynthesis pathway of dimeric naphthopyrones in this strain.
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Objective To study the effect of traditional Chinese medicine, Syngnathus on learning and memory impairment induced by D-galactose in aging mice and its mechanism of action. Methods HPLC was used to determine the content of DHA, the active ingredient in anti-learning and memory impairment in Syngnathus. The aging mouse model was prepared by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose (D-gal). Morris water maze test and Western blot were used to detect the ability of learning and memory, biochemical indicators and protein expression related to oxidative damage in the hippocampus, and to explore the protective effect and mechanism of Syngnathus on learning and memory impairment in aging mice. Results HPLC results showed that the DHA content in Syngnathus was 7.761 3 mg/g (calculated as crude drug), accounting for about 47% of the total composition. Morris water maze results showed that Syngnathus could reduce the escape latency of learning and memory-impaired aging mice and increase the target quadrant swimming time, the proportion of swimming distance and the number of times of crossing the platform, and improve the learning and memory impairment of mice. In addition, Syngnathus can activate the AKT/FOXO1/SOD2 signaling pathway in the hippocampus of aging mice with learning and memory impairment, promote the expression of oxidative stress pathway-related proteins, and improve the learning and memory impairment in aging mice by reducing the degree of oxidative damage in the hippocampus of aging mice. Conclusion This study found that Syngnathus is rich in DHA, which has the effect of improving learning and memory impairment induced by D-galactose in aging mice, and preliminarily clarified that its mechanism of action is related to anti-oxidation. Experimental evidence is provided.
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Objective To investigate effect of sorafenib on serum hepatoma marker in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods 101 patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma were selected, and divided into two groups.50 cases in control group were treated with routine clinical treatment, and 51 cases in experimental group were treated with sorafenib on the basis of control group.The survival time, adverse reactions, VEGF, CTGF, HIF-1 and OPN levels were compared after the treatment.Results The survival time of experimental group was higher than control group (P<0.05).Compared with control group, the serum levels of VEGF、CTGF,HIF-1, OPN,AFP, CEA, and CA199 in experiment group were lower (P<0.05,P <0.01).There were no significant differences of total adverse reactions between experimental group and control group. Conclusion Sorafenib can effectively prolong survival time of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, reduce serum VEGF, CTGF, HIF-1 alpha and OPN levels.
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Objective To study the effects of prenatal exposure to low level lead on the physical and neuro-behavioral development of mice and the interaction between lead and zinc. Methods Kunming pregnant mice were provided with drinking water containing lead, zinc and lead-zinc jointly and respectively. The body weight of maternal mice, offspring's survival rate and body weight were observed. Neuro-behavioral development of offspring was assessed by observation of offspring's behavior performance. The levels of dopamine (DA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and malonaldehyde (MDA) in offspring's brains were measured. Results At the doses of lead and zinc which did not effect the increase of maternal body weight during pregnancy, the lead exposure group showed low survival rate, growth retardation and delay of physiological development and neonatal reflexes in the offspring, the levels of DA and MDA in offspring's brains increased compared with the control group. Offspring's low survival rate and growth retardation couldn't be antagonized by zinc, but equal mole as lead of zinc could inhibit the harmful effects on neuro-reflex development. Zinc could also inhibit the increase of DA and MDA levels in offspring's brains induced by lead . However joint exposure to lead and half dosage as much as lead of zinc could deteriorate the effects on delay of physical, neuro-behavioral development and accelerate the DA and 5-HT decompose compared with that in the lead exposure group. Conclusion The harmful effects on offspring's growth and neuro-behavioral development could be induced by prenatal exposure to low level of lead. The types of joint-effect of lead and zinc were different according to the concentration of zinc, which indicated that the zinc-lead interaction was very complicated and it should be very prudent to antagonize lead toxicity using zinc.